The Role of Additive Manufacturing in the Design of Smart and Nature-Based Construction Systems: A Critical Review
Authors: Antreas Kantaros, Alexandra Tsatsou, Zoe Kanetaki, Theodore Ganetsos, Constantinos Stergiou, Michail Papoutsidakis, Evangelos Pallis
Journal: Designs
Year: 2026
Keywords: Additive manufacturing; 3D printing; urban design; smart cities; nature-based solutions (NBS); sustainable construction; rapid prototyping; circular economy; bibliometrics; VOSviewer
Abstract
This critical review examines the role of additive manufacturing as an enabling technology for the design and development of smart and sustainable construction systems, with particular emphasis on its potential contribution to Nature-based Solutions.
Although previous research has extensively examined the materials and technical properties associated with additive manufacturing, considerably less attention has been given to its contribution to design processes, prototyping and decision-making in construction and urban systems.
To address this gap, the study conducts a bibliometric analysis of 103 peer-reviewed publications retrieved from the Scopus database. Keyword co-occurrence analysis and network mapping through VOSviewer are used to identify the field’s dominant themes, principal research clusters and emerging trends.
The findings reveal a growing convergence between digital design, smart cities, sustainability and additive manufacturing. In particular, additive manufacturing can support rapid prototyping, customisation and the exploration and evaluation of alternative design solutions.
Rather than replacing conventional design practices, the study positions additive manufacturing as a complementary capability that can enhance design processes. However, challenges remain regarding its scalability, regulatory framework and integration into existing construction workflows. The review concludes by proposing future research directions for strengthening the design-oriented application of additive manufacturing within smart and sustainable construction systems.
Citation: Kantaros, A., Tsatsou, A., Kanetaki, Z., Ganetsos, T., Stergiou, C., Papoutsidakis, M., & Pallis, E. (2026). The Role of Additive Manufacturing in the Design of Smart and Nature-Based Construction Systems: A Critical Review. Designs, 10(3), Article 53.
Link to publication: doi.org/10.1080/1573062X.2025.2494780
SEL NTUA Innovation Pillars:
